Encryption Algorithm Visualizer

Caesar Cipher

Monoalphabetic

Playfair Cipher

Rail Fence

Hill Cipher

Compare

Caesar Cipher

The Caesar cipher is a simple substitution cipher where each letter is shifted by a fixed number of positions.

Plaintext:

Shift (1-25):

Input:

HELLO

Output:

KHOOR

Monoalphabetic Cipher

A monoalphabetic cipher uses a fixed substitution over the entire message, replacing each letter with another letter.

Plaintext:

Key (26 unique letters):

Substitution Map:

Original: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

Substitution: ZEBRASCDFGHIJKLMNOPQTUVWXY

Output:

DAIIL

Playfair Cipher

The Playfair cipher encrypts pairs of letters (digraphs), offering better security than simple substitution ciphers.

Plaintext:

Key:

5x5 Matrix:

Digraphs:

HE LX LO

Output:

GY IZ SC

Rail Fence Cipher

The Rail Fence cipher is a transposition cipher that rearranges letters by writing in a zigzag pattern across multiple rows.

Plaintext:

Number of Rails:

Output:

DNETLEEDHESWLFTAA

Hill Cipher

The Hill cipher uses matrix multiplication for encryption, providing better security through mathematical transformations.

Plaintext:

2x2 Key Matrix:

Matrix Multiplication:

Output:

AXPT

Algorithm Comparison

Compare the different encryption algorithms in terms of security, complexity, and performance.

Algorithm	Security Level	Implementation Complexity	Speed	Key Length	Vulnerability
Caesar Cipher	Very Low	Very Simple	Very Fast	Single number (1-25)	Brute force (only 25 possible keys), frequency analysis
Monoalphabetic	Low	Simple	Fast	26 letters (permutation)	Frequency analysis
Playfair	Medium-Low	Moderate	Moderate	Keyword (5x5 matrix)	Frequency analysis of digraphs, known plaintext
Rail Fence	Very Low	Simple	Fast	Number of rails	Brute force, anagramming
Hill Cipher	Medium	Complex	Moderate	n²-sized matrix	Known plaintext attack, linear algebra
AES (Full)	Very High	Very Complex	Fast (with hardware acceleration)	128, 192, or 256 bits	Side-channel attacks, implementation flaws

Security Considerations

Modern cryptography relies on principles that classical ciphers often lack:

Confusion: The relationship between key and ciphertext should be complex
Diffusion: Each plaintext bit should affect many ciphertext bits
Avalanche effect: Small changes in input should cause large changes in output
Non-linearity: The encryption function should not be a simple linear function

The classical ciphers shown here (Caesar, Monoalphabetic, Playfair, Rail Fence, Hill) are all considered insecure for modern applications and are presented for educational purposes only.